آموزش اسامی جمع بیقاعده درزبان انگلیسی

Non-Count Nouns

Non-count nouns, also called collective nouns have no plural form because they are assumed to be plural. Most abstract nouns are non-count nouns. Some examples are

there are many different styles of hair

there are several varieties of grass

there are three different kinds of mud

the ancient people had a few types of styles of dress

If you are talking about multiple varieties or types of these irregular plurals, you cannot make them plural by adding an "s" or "es" to the end. Instead, you need to make them plural by adding a descriptive phrase

Weird plurals

words of Latin or Greek origin with their strange plurals

Phenomenon, phenomena

Focus, foci

Bacterium, bacteria

Cactus, cacti

Fungus, fungi

Stimulus, stimuli

Larva, larvae

Nucleus, nuclei

Hippopotamus, hippopotami

Vertebra, vertebrae

Alga, algae

Radius, radii

ies

When words end in a consonant and a -y, such as pony and city, plurals remove the -y and add -ies.

Family, families

Lady, ladies

Try, tries

City, cities

Copy, copies

Party,parties

Canary, canaries

Penny, pennies

Cherry, cherries

Poppy, poppies

Pony, ponies

Baby, babies

Spy, spies

Ves

Nouns ending in -f (and -f with a silent -e) lose their -f (-fe) and gain -ves

Calf, calves

Life, lives

Leaf, leaves

Elf, elves

Dwarf, dwarves

Knife, knives

Wife, wives

Hoof, hooves

Wolf, wolves

Beef, beeves

Roof, rooves

Thief, thieves

Half, halves

Loaf, loaves

Identical Plurals

This finicky language even has some words that are identical in plural and singular forms. These unchanging nouns come in all shapes and sizes, with various reasons for their nature and various names for their types, but the aspect that lumps them together is that none change in their simplest plural form

Sheep

Offspring

Trout

Moose

Shrimp

Deer

Gold, silver, etc

Salmon

Wheat

Fish

Bison

Nouns that end with -ese do not generally change