در زبان انگلیسی دو زمان هستند که در مورد انجام عملی پیش از عملی دیگر در گذشته صحبت می کنند. از زمان گذشته کاما در مورد عمل هایی که در نقطا های خاص از زمان پیش از عملی دیگر انجام شده اند، استفاده کنید.

Tom had interviewed five times before he got his first job.
She had already eaten by the time they arrived.

از این زمان برای صحبت از عملی که پیش از عمل مهم دیگری در گذشته در جریان بوده است استفاده کنید.

Jane had been studying for four hours when he came home.
Jack had been driving four over six hours when he finally pulled over to have lunch.

Subject + had + past participle

I, You, He, She, We, They had finished before I arrived.

منفی

Subject + had + not (hadn't) + past participle

I, You, He, She, We, They hadn't eaten before he finished the job.

سؤال

Question word + had + subject + past participle

What -> had he, she, you, we, they thought before I asked the question?

Subject + had + been + verb + ing

I, You, He, She, We, They had been working for two hours when she telephoned.

Negative

Subject + had + not (hadn't) + been + verb + ing

I, You, He, She, We, They hadn't been paying attention for long when he asked the question.

Questions

Question word (often 'How long') + had + been + subject + verb + ing

How long -> had he, she, you, we, they been working before he arrived?

گذشته کامل

در این بخش مثال ها و ساختار زمان گذشته کامل توضیح داده شده است

برای بیان عملی که در گذشته قبل از عملی دیگر انجام شده باشد.

I had eaten lunch before they arrived. پیش از اینکه وارد شوند نهارم را خورده بودم
Susan had already finished the project when he asked for help. وقتی او تقاضای کمک کرد سوزان پروژه را به اتمام رسانده بود.

برای بیان عملی که پیش از عملی دیگر در گذشته برای مدتی بطول انجامیده بوده است

I had lived abroad for twenty years when I received the transfer. وقتی انتقالی من رسید بیست سال بود که در خارج از کشور زندگی می کردم
Jane had studied in England before she did her master's at Harvard. جین پیش از اخذ مدرک فوق لیسانس اش از هاروارد در انگلیس به تحصیل مشغول بوده است

برای بیان عملی که به عنوان پیش بینی عملی دیگر به وقوع پیوسته است

I had prepared for the exams and was ready to do well. من برای آزمون آماده بودم و مهیای انجام آزمونی به خوبی بودم.
Tom had lost twenty pounds and could begin anew. تام بیست پوند از وزن خود کم کرده بود و آماده شروعی دوباره بود

در جملات شرطی نوع سوم برای بیان عملی که شرطی تخیلی

If I had known that, I would have acted differently. اگر می دانستم، طوری دیگر عمل می کردم
She would have come to the party if she had been invited. اگر به مهمانی دعوت شده بود حتماً می آمد

به همراه wish برای بیان آرزویی در گذشته

I wish you had told me. ایکاش به من گفته بودی
She wishes she had known about his problems. او آرزو می کند که ایکاش در مورد مشکل اش می دانست

عبارت های زمانی که معمولاً با زمان گذشته کامل استفاده می شوند

already, just, before, when

ساختار

مثبت

قسمت سوم فعل + had + فاعل

I, You, He, She, We, They had finished before I arrived.

منفی

فاعل + had + not + قسمت سوم فعل

I, You, He, She, We, They hadn't eaten before he finished the job.

سؤالی

Question word + had + subject + past participle

قسمت سوم فعل + فاعل + had + کلمه پرسشی

What -> had he, she, you, we, they thought before I asked the question?